Fig. 3. Small molecule glycomimetics inhibit β-GP-induced osteoinductive signalling in human VSMCs. Glycomimetics C1-C4 reduce mRNA abundance of (A) BMP-2, (B) RUNX2, (C) MSX2 and (D) OPN in VSMCs treated with β-GP for 7 days. Results are mean ± SEM; n = 6, and experiments were repeated at least three times independently. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. β-GP, β-glycerophosphate; ns, non-significant.